MT303
Iron Making and Steel Making
Classification of furnaces; different kinds of furnaces; heat balance, energy conservation and energy audit; parts, construction and design aspects of blast furnace, ancillary equipment; blast furnace instrumentation.
Blast furnace reactions; Gruner's theorem, carbon deposition, the partitioning of solute elements between the Iron and the slag; reactions in blast furnace; blast furnace slags; mass balance and heat balance
Blast furnace (B/F) operations; B/F irregularities and remedial measures, B/F refractories and causes of failure, modern trends in (B/F) technology overview of direct reduction processes, electric smelting; production of DRI (HBI/Sponge iron)
Review of traditional steel making; physical chemistry and thermodynamics; air/O2 impurity interaction, slag metal interaction, role of slags in refining ,continuous casting; foaming slag; removal of S and P; de-oxidizers, alloying;
Open hearth F/C; Bessemer converters; bottom blown and top blown processes; slag practices and sequencing; LD,VD, AOD, and VOD; Ladle metallurgy; electric arc furnace and DRI usage; energy, environmental and quality considerations;
TEXT BOOKS
1. Thupkary R.H, ‘Introduction to Modern Iron Making’, Khanna Publications, Delhi, 2004
2. Tupkary R.H., ‘Introduction to Modern Steel Making’, Khanna Publishers, 2004
REFERENCES
1. Gupta O. P., ‘ Elements of Fuels, Furnace and Refractories’, 2nd Edition, Khanna Publishers, 1990
2. Bashforth G.R, ‘Manufacture of Iron and Steel’, Volume I - IV, Asia Publications, 1996