Relays – General classification, Principle of operation, types, characteristics, Torque equation, Relaying Schemes, Relay Co- ordination.
Apparatus and line protection – Line Protection – Distance, Differential protection and Carrier current protection. Generator protection – protection against abnormal condition, stator and Rotor protection. Transformer Protection – Incipient fault – Differential protection, Feeder and Bus bar protection.
Protection against over voltages – Causes of over voltage Ground wires, Surge absorbers and diverters. Earthling - types. Insulation coordination.
Theory of arcing and arc quenching circuit breakers types – rating and comparison, RRRV, Resistor switching and capacitor switching.
Static relays – Digital relays - Microprocessor based relays – Apparatus and line protection – Basics of Numerical relays.
REFERENCES:
1. Badri Ram and Vishwakarma, D.N., 'power system protection and switchgear', Tata-McGraw Hill publishing company Ltd., 1995.
2. Sunil S.Rao, 'Protective Switch Gear', Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 1999.
3. Ravindranath , B. and Chander, N., 'Power Systems Protection and Switch Gear', Wiley Eastern Ltd., 1977.
4. Y. G. Paithangar, „Fundamentals of power system protection‟, Prinitice hall
